Network/Reverse proxy

Install a reverse proxy behind firewall, use HAProxy.

Really great answer (especially links below) here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/366212 to this question here: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/224664/difference-between-proxy-server-and-reverse-proxy-server

Copied links for convenience:

Content Delivery Network

• Lists of CDNs
  • http://www.mytestbox.com/miscellaneous/content-delivery-networks-cdn-list/
  • http://blog.streamingmedia.com/the_business_of_online_vi/2008/01/updated-list-of.html

forward proxy software (server side)

• cgi-proxy
• phproxy (discontinued)
• glype
• Internet censorship wiki: List of Web Proxies

reverse proxy software for HTTP (server side)

• apache mod_proxy (can also work as a forward proxy for HTTP)
• squid
• nginx (written by russians, used on hulu.com, spam sites, etc.)
• HAProxy
• lighthttpd
• perlbal (written for livejournal)
• portfusion
• pound
• varnish cache (written by a freebsd kernel guru)
• Started with Repose repose

reverse proxy software for TCP (server side)

• balance
• delegate
• pen
• portfusion
• pure load balancer (web site defunct)
• python director

see also:

• Wikipedia - Content Delivery Network
• Wikipedia - Category:Reverse_proxy
• Wikipedia - Load Balancing
• Wikipedia - Scalability